Text 1
om namah
sac-cid-ananda-rupaya
krsnayaklista-karine
namo vedanta-vedyaya
gurave buddhi-saksine
Om namah. I offer my respectful obeisances to Sri Krsna, whose form is eternal and full of knowledge and bliss, who is the rescuer from distress, who is understood by Vedanta, who is the supreme spiritual master, and who is the witness in everyone's heart.
Sri Gopala-tapani-vivrtti
by Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti
murta-brahma-svarupartha
varsinim bhakta-harsinim
gopala-tapanim naumi
srimad-gopala-tapanim
"I glorify the Gopala-tapani Upanisad. showering the nectar of the Supreme Lord's spiritual form, it delights the devotees."
I offer my respectful obeisances unto the Gopala-tapani Upanisad, which is part of the Atharva Veda, and which describes the transcendental form and pastimes of Lord Krsna.
I offer my respectful obeisances to Lord Krsna, whom the Sama Upanisad and Srimad-Bhagavatam proclaim the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
The name of Krsna refers to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose spiritual form is eternal and full of knowledge and bliss. This is confirmed in the following verse of Mahabharata:
krsna-sabdas ca sattartha
nas cananda-svarupakah
tayor aikyam param brahma
krsna ity-abhidhiyate
"The word krs is the attractive feature of the Lord's existence, and na means spiritual pleasure. When the verb krs is added to affix na, it becomes "Krsna", which indicates the Absolute Truth."
The name Krsna may also be interpreted to mean the perfection of transcendental knowledge and bliss.
Lord Krsna's mercy is described in the word "aklita-karine", which means that the Lord rescues the living entities from the five-fold miseries of material existence, and also that the Lord is so kind that He even liberated those demons fortunate enough to be personally killed by Him.
The word "vedanta-vedyaya" means that Lord Krsna may be understood only by following the instructions of the Vedas, which lead the follower to liberation. Other so-called spiritual paths will not help one become liberated.
The word "gurave" means that the Lord becomes the teacher who enlightens His devotees. The Lord does this by appearing as the Supersoul (buddhi-saksine) in everyone's heart.
This is confirmed in the following verses from the Vedic literatures:
bhaktam kam api gurum krtva mam pratam mam eva bhajasva
"Become My devotee, accept Me as your spiritual master, come to Me and worship Me."
"Appearing as the spiritual master in the heart, the Supreme Personality of Godhead reveals the path of spiritual enlightenment." (Srimad-Bhagavatam)
dadami buddhi-yogam tam
yena mam upayanti te
"To those who are constantly devoted and worship Me with love, I give the understanding by which they may come to Me." (Bhagavad-gita 10.11)
Sri Gopala-tapani-bhasya
by Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana
satyanantacintya-sakty-eka-pakse
sarvadhyakse bhakta-raksati-dakse
sri govinde visva-sargadi kande
purnanande nityam astam matir nah
"May our heart eternally rest on Govinda, who is full of bliss, the master of unlimited inconceivable transcendental potencies, the witness of everything, the expert protector of the devotees, and the creator of the material world."
sanatanam rupam ihopadarsayann
ananda-sindhum paritah pravardhayan
antas-tamas-toma-harah sa rajatam
caitanya-rupo vidhur adbhutodayah
"Appearing in this word with Sri Sanatana Gosvami and Srila Rupa Gosvami, and bringing great tidal waves to the ocean of transcendental bliss, may the wonderful and splendid rising moon of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu dispel the darkness within our hearts."
gopala-tapanim naumi
ya krsnam svayam isvaram
kara-stharava-sankasam
sandarsayati sad-dhiyah
I glorify the Gopala-tapani Upanisad, which to the pious reveals Lord Krsna, the original Personality of Godhead, the Supersoul near to all moving and unmoving creatures.
The name "Krsna" is used to describe the Personality of Godhead because His complexion is like a dark atasi flower. This is confirmed in the following verse from the Narayaniya, where the Lord Himself says:
krsno varnas ca me yasmat
tasmat krsno’ham arjuna
"O Arjuna, because My complexion is blackish, I am known as Krsna."
Text 2
om munayo ha vai brahmanam ucuh -
kah paramo devah?/
kuto mrtyur bibheti?/
kasya jnanenakhilam vijnatam bhavati?/
kenedam visvam samsaratiti?//
Om. Some sages said to the demigod Brahma: "Who is the Supreme Personality of Godhead? Whom does death fear? By knowing whom does everything else become known? Who created this world.
Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura:
The sages here are the Four Kumaras. they phrased their questions in such a way as to elicit the eighteen-syllable Gayatri mantra as their father's reply.
Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
The syllable om is used here, as it is generally used in the Vedic hymns, to invoke auspiciousness.
The Kumara's first question is "Who is the supremely opulent and worshipable Personality of Godhead, than whom no one is greater or equal?" The subsequent questions all relate to the qualities of the Supreme Person.
Text 3
tad u hovaca brahmanah —
krsno vai paramam daivatam
/
govindan mrtyur bibheti /
gopijanavallabha-jnanena taj jnatam bhavati /
svahayedam samsarati //
Brahma replied to them: "Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Death fears Govinda. By understanding Gopijanavallabha everything becomes known. By pronouncing the word "svaha" the Personality of Godhead created the world.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
The statement that death fears Govinda means that Krsna rescues the living entities from the hands of death. The name Gopijanavallabha means "Krsna, who is very dear to the gopis." By knowing Him, the entire spiritual and material world becomes known. The process of understanding Him is described by Lord Gopjanavallabha Himself in the Bhagavad-gita (18.56):
bhaktya mam abhijanati
"The Supreme Personality of Godhead can be understood only by devotional service."
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
By answering the Kumaras' question in this way, Brahma initiated them in the chanting of the eighteen-syllable Gayatri mantra.
Text 4
tad u hocuh -
kah krsno govindas ca ko’sav iti /
gopijanavallabhah kah /
ka svaheti //
They then said: "Who is Krsna? Who is Govinda? Who is Gopijanavallabha? What is Svaha?"
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
The sages asked these questions to elicit from Brahma a more elaborate description of Lord Krsna's qualities.
Text 5
tan uvaca brahmanah /
papa-karsano go-bhumi-veda-vidito gopijanavidya kala-prerakas tan-maya
ceti /
sakalam param brahmavaitat //
To them Brahma said: "Krsna means He who delivers from sin, Govinda means He who is famous on the earth, in the Vedas, and among the surabhi cows, Gopijanavallabha means He who enchants the gopis, and Svaha means the potency of the Supreme. All these names refer to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
The name papa-karsana may also be interpreted to mean:
1. He whose transcendental pastimes attract the minds of even the sinful conditioned souls, or
2. The merciful Supreme Person who liberated Putana, Agha, Kesi and many other demons killed by Him.
The name Govinda means the Supreme Lord who is famous to the Surabhi cows of Vraja. He is glorified in the verses of the Vedas, and He is famous on the earth because He removed the burden of demoniac kings.
Govinda
also means He who protects the cows, land and Vedas. Lord Govinda
is the Supreme protector, who rescues the living entities from the hands
of death. Gopijanavallabha means He who enchants the gopis, who are all
manifestations of His hladini potency. Then Lord enchants them with the
sweetness His handsomeness and other transcendental qualities, removes
their materialism, and grants them ecstatic love for Him. In this way
He has become very dear (vallabha) to them.
The name svaha means the Lord's potency by which everything is manifested.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana
The following explanation of the name Krsna is found in the Vedic literatures:
krsneti mangalam nama
yasya vaci pravartate
bhasmi -bhavanti tasyasu
maha-pataka-kotayah
"For they who chant the auspicious holy name of Krsna, millions of grievous sinful reactions become immediately burned to ashes."
krsnah krsnah krsna ity anta kale
jalpan jantur jivitam yo jahati
adyah sabdah kalpate tasya muktyai
vrida-namrau tisthato
"One who chants "Krsna Krsna Krsna" at the time of death becomes eligible for liberation."
In the name Gopijanavallabha the gopis are expansions of the Lord's internal potency. This is confirmed in the following verses:
ananda-cin- maya-rasa-pratibhavitabhis
tabhir ya evanija-rupataya kalabhih
"I worship the Personality of Godhead, Govinda, who, by expansion of His internal potency of transcendental existence, knowledge and bliss, enjoys in His own and expanded forms.
ballavyo me madatmikah
"The gopis are expansions of My own internal potency."
The Lord is glorious in the gopi's association. This is described in Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.33.7):
tatrati susubhe tabhih
"Lord Krsna appeared very glorious in the association of the gopis."
The sruti describes the Lord as the master of transcendental potencies (Svaha):
ato mayamayam visnum
pravadanti sanatanam
"The sages say that Lord Visnu, is the master of all transcendental potencies."
Text 6
yo dhyayati rasati bhajati
so’mrto bhavati /
so’mrto bhavati //
One who meditates on this Supreme Personality of Godhead, glorifies Him, and worships Him, becomes liberated. He becomes liberated.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
Liberation means freedom from the cycle of birth and death and eternal association with Lord Krsna.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
In this text the goal of life is described: By meditating on, glorifying and worshipping Lord Krsna, one becomes liberated.
Text 7
te hocuh -
kim tad-rupam kim rasanam katham va ho tad-bhajanam tat sarva-vividisatam
akhyahiti //
They said: What is His form? what is His glorification? How does one worship Him? Please describe this to us
Texts 8 and 9
tad u hovaca —
hairanyo gopa-vesam abhram tarunam kalpa-drumasritam /
tad iha sloka bhavanti /
Brahma said: He appears like a cowherd boy. His complexion is like a monsoon cloud. He stays under a desire-tree. The following verses describe Him.
Text 10(a)
sat —pundarika-nayanam
meghabham vaidyutambaram
dvibhujam jnana-mudradhyam
vanamalinam isvaram
Meditating with all his heart on Lord Krsna, whose eyes are handsome lotus flowers, whose complexion is a monsoon cloud, whose garments are lightning, who has two arms, who is rich in transcendental knowledge, who wears a garland of forest flowers, who is the supreme controller, who is surrounded by gopas, gopis, and surabhi cows, who rests under a sura-druma tree, who is decorated with splendid ornaments, who stands in the middle of a red lotus flower, and who is served by breezes that have touched the Yamuna's waves, a person becomes free from repeated birth and death.
Text 10 (b)
gopa-gopi-gavavitam
sura-druma-talasrayam
divyalankaranopetam
rakta-pankaja-madhyagam
Decorated with glittering transcendental ornaments, and surrounded by the gopis, cowherd boys and cows, lord Krsna stands on the whorl of a reddish lotus flower underneath a desire tree.
Text 10 (c)
kalindi-jalakallola
sangi-maruta-sevitam
cintayams cetasa krsnam
mukto bhavati samsrteh
By meditating on Lord Krsna who is served by the cooling breezes blowing over the waves of the Yamuna River, a devotee becomes free from the bondage of material existance.
Text 11
rasyam puna rasanam jala-bhumindu-sampatakamadi krsnayeti ekam padam govindayeti dvitiyam gopijaneti trtiyam svaheti pancamam iti //
This mantra should be repeatedly chanted: "Klim Krsnaya govindaya gopijanavallabhaya svaha".
Text 12
panca-padim japan pancangam
dyav abhumi surya-candramasau sagni tad-rupataya brahma sampadyate /
brahma sampadyate iti //
By chanting these five names one attains the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose potencies are manifested as the heavenly planets, the earth, sun, moon, and fire.
Text 13
tad esa slokah /
klim ity etad adav adaya krsnayeti govindayeti ca gopijanavallabhaya brhad-bhanavya
sakrd uccaret /
ya gatis tasyasti manksu nanya gatih syad iti //
A person who even once chants the mantra "Klim Krsnaya govindaya gopijanavallabha svaha" quickly attains the association of Lord Krsna. He does not attain any other result.
Text 14
bhaktir asya bhajanam tad ihamutropadhi-nairasyenamusmin manah-kalpanam etad eva naiskarmyam iti //
Devotional service to Lord Krsna is performed when the heart no longer desires any material benefit to be obtained in this life or the next. This is freedom from the bonds of karma.
Visvanatha Cakravart:i
Devotional service to Krsna and liberation are actually synonymous, this is confirmed in the Padma Purana:
harav-aikantiki bhaktir
muktir ity-abhidhiyate
"Pure devotional service to Lord Hari is actual liberation."
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
Bhakti means engaging the senses in the service of Lord Krsna. This is confirmed in the Narada Pancaratra in the following words:
sarvopadhi vinirmuktam
tat-paratvena nirmalam
hrsikena hrsikesa-
sevanam bhaktir ucyate
"One should be free from all material designations, and cleansed of all material contamination. He should be restored to his pure identity, in which he engages his senses in the service of the proprietor of the senses. This is called devotional service.
The activities of bhakti are listed in the following way: 1. hearing the Lord's glories, 2. reciting the Lord's glories, 3. remembering the Lord constantly, 4. serving the lotus feet of the Lord, 5. worshipping the Lord, 6. chanting prayers to the Lord, 7. carrying out the orders of the Lord, 8. making friends with the Lord, and 9. surrendering everything to the Lord.
As a result of engaging in Lord Krsna's service, one develops intense ecstatic love for Him. This is described in the Eleventh Canto of Srimad-Bhagavatam:
bhaktya sanjataya bhaktya
bibhrat uppulakam tanum
"As one becomes advanced in devotional service to the Lord, he becomes ecstatic. The hairs of his body stand on end, and he manifests ecstatic symptoms."
Text 15
krsnam tam vipra bahuda yajanti
/
govindam santam bahudharadhyanti gopijanavallabho bhuvanani dadhre svahasrito
jagad ejayat suretah //
Many brahmanas worship Krsna. Many worship eternal Govinda. Gopijanavallabha maintains the worlds. Powerful Svaha moves the universe.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
Many brahmanas, following the path of the sastras, worship Krsna. Many others, following of the path of spontaneous love as the residents of Gokula followed it, worship Lord Govinda, the hero of Gokula.
Text 16
vayur yathaiko bhuvanam pravisto
janye janye panca-rupo babhuva /
krsnas tathaiko jagad-dhitartham sabdenasau panca-pado vibbhatiti //
Although originally one, air becomes the five life-airs in the bodies of all living entities. In the same way, for the benefit of the world Lord Krsna appears as these five words.
Text 17
te hocuh —
upasanam etasya paratmane govindasyakhila-dharino bruhiti //
They said: Please describe the worship of Govinda, the Supersoul, who maintains everything.
Text 18
tan uvaca -
yat tasya pitham hairanyasta-palasam ambujam tad antaralikana-asra-yugam
"tad-antarady-arnakhila-bijam krsnaya nama iti bijadhyam sa brahmanam
adhaya" ananga-gayatrim yathavad vyalikhya bhu-mandalam sula-vestitam
krtvanga vasudevadi rukminyadi "sva-saktindradi" vasudevadi
parthadi nidhyadi-vitam yajet //
Brahma said: The Lord's altar should be a golden lotus with eight petals. Within that lotus should be placed two triangles and the mantra ‘klim Krsnaya namah’, the Kama-gayatri (klim Krsnaya govindaya gopijanavallabhaya svaha), and the ananga-gayatri (kamadevaya sarva-jana-priyaya sarva-jana-sammohanaya jvala jvala prajvala prajvala sarva-janasya hrdayam me vasam kuru kuru svaha) should be written there. then anga should be offered with the sula-mantra (astraya phat). Then one should worship the Lord's expansions, beginning with Rukmini, the devotees headed by Indra, the devotees headed by King Vasudeva, the devotees headed by Arjuna, and the devotees headed by Indranidhi.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
This description of the spiritual world is confirmed by the following verse from the Sanat-Kumara Samhita:
karnikayam likhed vahni-
putitam mandala-dvayam
tasya madhye likhed bijam
sadhyakhyam karma samyutam
"In the whorl of the lotus flower which is Lord Krsna’s transcendental abode, the Kama Gayatri mantra is written."
This is also described in the following mantra:
om namo bhagavte sarva-bhutatmane vasudevaya sarvatma-samyoga-yoga-padma-pithatmane namah
"I offer my respectful obeisances unto Lord Vasudeva, the all-pervading Supreme Personality of Godhead who resides in His own transcendental abode, which resembles a lotus flower."
This is described in the Padma Purana:
tatah pitham samabhyarcya
devam avahya narada
arghyadi-dhupa-dipadin
upacaran prakalpaye
"O Narada, placing the Lord on His altar, I worship Him with prayers, incense ,lamps, arghya and other gifts."
Text 19
sandhyasu pratipattibhir upacarais tenasyakhilam bhavaty-akhilam bhavatiti //
He who at sunrise, noon and sunset, makes various offerings to the Deity, obtains everything. He obtains everything.
Text 20
eko vasi sarvagah krsna idya
eko’pi san bahudha yo’vabhati
tam pithastham ye tu yajanti dhiras
tesam sukham sasvatam netaresam
In this matter there are the following verses: Lord Krsna is the worshipable, all-pervading supreme controller, and although He is one, He manifests in many forms. They who are intelligent worship Him as He stands on His altar. They, and not others, attain eternal happiness.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
That Krsna is the original Personality of Godhead is confirmed in the Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.3.28):
krsnas tu bhagavan svayam
"Krsna is the original Personality of Godhead."
Text 21
nityo nityanam cetanas
cetananam
eko bahunam yo vidadhati kaman
tam pithagam ye’nuyajanti vipras
tesam siddhih sasvati netaresam
The brahmanas, who worship, as He stands on His altar, the one greatest among the eternals and greatest among conscious persons, the one who fulfils the desires of the many, they, and not others, attain perfection.
Text 22
etad visnoh paramam padam ye
nityodyuktah samyajante na kaman
tesam asau gopa-rupah prayatnat
prakasayad atma-padam tadaiva
To they who always diligently worship Lord Visnu's transcendental form, the Lord, in His original form as a cowherd boy, shows His lotus feet.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
This is confirmed in Vedanta-sutra:
visesam ca darsayati
"The Personality of Godhead reveals Himself to His pure devotees."
Text 23
yo brahmanam vidhadhati purvam
yo vai vidyas tasmai gapayati sma krsnah
tam ha devam atma-buddhi-prakasam
mumuksur vai saranam amum vrajet
It was Krsna who in the beginning instructed Brahma in Vedic knowledge and who disseminated Vedic knowledge in the past. They who desire liberation surrender to Him, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who grants transcendental knowledge to His devotees.
Text 24
omkarenantaritam ye japanti
govindasya panca-padam manum tam
tesam asau darsayed atma-rupam
tasman mumuksur abhyasen nityam santyai //
To they who chant the five-word mantra with om and govinda (om Krsnaya govindaya gopijanavallabha svaha) the Lord reveals His own form. Therefore, to attain transcendental peace, they who desire liberation should regularly chant this mantra.
Text 25
etasmad anye panca-padad abhuvan
govindasya manavo manavanam
darsanadyas te’pi sankrandanadyair
abhyasyante bhuti-kamair yathavat
From this five-word mantra have come all other govinda-mantras in human society, including the ten-syllable govinda-mantra chanted by Indra's followers and by they who desire opulences.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
The persons desiring opulence in this verse are the four Kumaras' followers, who desire liberation, and Narada's followers, who desire pure devotional service.
Text 26
Yad etasya svarupartham vaca vedayeti te papracchuh //
They asked: Please tell us the nature of this mantra.
Text 27 and 28
tad u hovaca brahmanah —
"asav anavaratam" me dhyatah stutah parardhante so’budhyata/
gopa-veso me purastad avirbabhuva /
tatah pranato mayanukulena hrda mahyam astadasaranam svarupam srstaye
dattvantarhitah //
Brahma said: I continually glorified the Lord and meditated upon Him for millions of years, and at last I was able to understand the transcendental form of the Lord as Sri Krsna, in the dress of a cowherd boy. With devotion in my heart I bowed down before Him. He gave me the eighteen-syllable mantra to be used for the activity of creation, and then He disappeared.
Text 29
punah sisrksato me pradurabhuttesv aksaresu bhavisyaj-jagad-rupam prakasayan //
When I desired to create the universe He again appeared before me, showing me in these syllables the universe that was to be.
Text 30
tad iha kad apo lat prthivi
ito’gnir vindor indus tat sapatakad arka iti klim-karad asrjam /
krsnayad akasam khad vayur ity uttarat surabhim vidyah pradurakarsam tad
uttarat stri-pumadi cedam sakalam iti / sakalam iti //
From the letter k, I created water, from the letter l, earth, from the letter i, fire, from the letter m, the moon, and from the entire word klim, the sun. From the word krsnaya, I created ether, from govindaya, air, from gopijanavallabha, knowledge and the surabhi cows, and from svaha, men, women, and everything else. Everything else.
Text 31
etasyaiva yajanena candra-dhvajo gata-mohatmanam vedayitva omkarantaralikam manum avarttayan sanga-rahito’bhyapa tat //
By worshipping Him, Siva became free from illusion, and by chanting this mantra in a solitary place, he attained the Lord.
Text 32
tad visnoh paramam padam sada pasyanti surayah diviva caksur atatam //
The demigods gaze at Visnu's abode, which is like a splendid sun in the sky.
Text 33
tasmad etan nityam abhyasen nityam abhyaset //
Therefore one should regularly chant this mantra. One should regularly chant this mantra.
Text 34
tad ahur eke /
yasya prathama-padad bhumir dvitiya-padaj jalam trtiya-padat tejas caturtha-padad
vayus carama-padad vyometi vaisnavam panca-vyahrtim ayam mantram krsnavabhasakam
kaivalya-srtyai satatam avarttayed iti //
Some have said that from the first word of this mantra earth was created, from the second word water, from the third fire, from the fourth air, and from the fifth ether. To attain liberation one should chant this five-word Vaisnava mantra, which reveals Lord Krsna.
Text 35
tad atra gathah —
yasya purva-padad bhumir
dvitiyat salilodbhavah
trtiyat teja udbhutam
caturthad gandhavahanah
pancamsad ambarotpattis
tam evaikam samabhyaset //
About this are the following verses: One should chant this mantra, of which from the first word the element earth came, from the second word water, from the third fire, from the fourth air, and from the fifth ether.
Text 36
candra-dhvajo’gamad visnoh paramam padam avyayam //
By chanting this mantra Siva entered Lord Visnu's eternal spiritual abode.
Text 37
tato visuddham vimalam visokam
asesa-lobhadi-nirasta-sangam
yat tat padam panca-padam tad eva
sa vasudevo na yato’nyad asti
That spiritual world, completely pure, uncontaminated, free from suffering, free from greed and all other vices, and identical with this five-word mantra, is manifested from Lord Vasudeva. It is not separate from Him.
Text 38
tam ekam govindam sac-cid-ananda-vigraham panca-padam vrndavana-sura-bhuruha-talasinam satatam samarud-gane’ham paramaya stutya tosayami //
With eloquent prayers I and the Maruts please Lord Govinda, whose form is eternal and full of knowledge and bliss, who stays under a desire tree in Vrndavana, and who is this five-word mantra.
Text 39
om namo visva-rupaya
visva-sthity-anta-hetave
visvesvaraya visvaya
govindaya namo namah
Om namah. To Lord Govinda, who is the form of the universe, the creator. maintainer, and destroyer of the universe, the master of the universe, and the universe itself. I offer my respectful obeisances.
Text 40
namo vinnana-rupaya
paramananda-rupine
krsnaya gopinathaya
govindaya namo namah
Obeisances to Lord Govinda, whose form is full of knowledge, whose form is full of supreme bliss, who is all-attractive, and who is the master of the gopis.
Text 41
namah kamala-netraya
namah kamala-maline
namah kamala-nabhaya
kamala-pataye namah
Obeisances to Him, His eyes lotus flowers. Obeisances to Him, garlanded with lotuses. Obeisances to Him, His navel a lotus. Obeisances to Him, the husband of the goddesses of fortune.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
The goddesses of fortune here are the gopis. This is described in verses 29 and 56 of the Brahma-samhita:
laksmi -sahasra-sata-sambhrama-sevyamanam
"Lord Govinda is served with great reverence by hundreds and thousands of gopis."
sriyah kantah kantah parama-purusa kalpa-taravah
"The damsels of Vrndavana, the gopis, are super goddesses of fortune."
Text 42
barhapidabhiramaya
ramayakuntha-medhase
rama-manasa-hamsaya
govindaya namo namah
Obeisances to Lord Govinda, handsome with a peacock-feather crown, identical with Balarama, His intelligence sharp, and He the swan in the Manasa lake of the goddess of fortune's thoughts.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
The goddess of fortune here is srimati Radharani, who is described in the Purusa-bodhini Upanisad.:
dve parsve candravali radhika ca yasya amso laksmi durgadika saktih
"Candravali and Radhika always remain at Lord Krsna's side. Laksmi, Durga, and the Lord's other potencies are expansions of Sri Radhika."
The Gautamiya Tantra also explains:
devi krsnamayi prokta
radhika para-devata
sarva-laksmimayi sarva-
kantih sanmohini pura
"The transcendental goddess srimati Radharani is the direct counterpart of Lord Sri Krsna. She is the central figure for the goddess of fortune. She possesses all the attractiveness to attract the all-attractive Personality of Godhead. She is the primeval internal potency of the Lord."
Text 43
kamsa-vamsa-vinasaya
kesi-canura-ghatine
vrsabhadhvaja-vandyaya
partha-sarathaye namah
Obeisances to Him, the death of Kamsa and his allies, the killer of Kesi and Canura, the object of worship for Siva, and the chariot-driver of Arjuna.
Text 44
venu-vadana-silaya
gopalayahi-mardine
kalindi - kula-lolaya
lola-kundala-valgave //
Obeisances to Him, the cowherd boy fond of playing the flute, the crusher of Kaliya, the person who walks on the Yamuna's shore and whose earrings gracefully swing to and fro.
Text 45
ballavi-nayanambhoja
maline nrtya-saline
namah pranata-palaya
sri krsnaya namo namah //
Obeisances to Sri Krsna, the protector of the surrendered souls. Obeisances to Him, the expert dancer garlanded with the gopi's lotus glances.
Text 46
namah papa-pranasaya
govardhana-dharaya ca
putana-jivitantaya
trnavartasu-harine
Obeisances to Him, the death of sin, the lifter of Govardhana Hill, the end of Putana's life, the thief of Trnavarta's life.
Text 47
niskalaya vimohaya
suddhayasuddhi-vairine
advitiyaya mahate
sri krsnaya namo namah
Obeisances to Sri Krsna, decorated with a golden necklace, charming, pure, the enemy of impurity, one without a second, the greatest.
Visvanatha Cakravarti:
The word ‘niskalaya’ may also mean "He who is beyond the influence of material illusion" and the word ‘vimohaya’ may be interpreted to mean "He who is omniscient and cannot be put into illusion even by Brahma or Siva". The word ‘asuddhi-vairine’ may be interpreted to mean "He who removes material impurities from the hearts of those attached to hearing and chanting His glories."
Text 48
prasida paramananda
prasida paramesvara
adhi-vyadhi-bhujangena
dastam mam uddhara prabho
Be kind, O blissful one. Be kind, O Supreme Lord. O Lord, please rescue me, bitten by the snake of physical and mental pain.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
Vyadhi, or physical pain, inevitably comes when one fulfils his material desires. when material desires remain unfulfilled, however, the conditioned soul experiences mental pain, or adhi. Either condition is inauspicious for the conditioned soul.
Text 49
sri krsna rukmini-kanta
gopijana-manohara
samsara-sagare magnam
mam uddhara jagad-guro //
O Krsna, O husband of Rukmini, O enchanter of the gopis, O master of the universe, please rescue me, drowning in the ocean of repeated birth and death.
Text 50
kesava klesa-harana
narayana janardana
govinda paramananda
mam samuddhara madhava
O Kesava, O Narayana, O Govinda, O Janardana, O source of all transcendental bliss, O Lord who rescues the devotees from distress, O Madhava, please rescue me.
Baladeva Vidyabhusana:
In the Hari-vamsa, Lord Siva explains the meaning of the name Kesava:
iso’ham sarva-dehinam
avam tavanga-sambhutav
atah kesava-namabhag
"Both Brahma (Ka) and I (Isa), the master of all living entities, were born from You, and for this reason, O Lord, You are known as Kesava."
Text 51
atha haivam stutibhir aradhayami yatha yuyam tatha panca-padam japantah krsnam dhyayantah samsrtim tarayisyatheti hovaca hairanyah //
Brahma said: As I worship Him, so should you. Chanting this five-word mantra, and meditating on Lord Krsna, you will transcend the world of birth and death.
Text 52
amum panca-padam mantram avarttayed yah sa yaty-anayasatah kevalam tat-padam //
One who chants this five-word mantra easily attains His transcendental abode.
Text 53
anejad ekam manaso javiyo naitad deva apnuvan purvan arsad iti //
Although fixed in His abode, the Personality of Godhead is swifter than the mind and can overcome all others running. Even the powerful demigods cannot approach Him.
Text 54
tasmat krsna eva paro devas tam dhyayet tam raset tam bhajet tam yajed ity om tat sad iti //
Therefore, Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. One should meditate upon Him, glorify Him, serve Him and worship Him. Om tat sat. Gopala Tapani Upanisad - Chapter Two